Каталог статей из сборников научных конференций и научных журналов- The cultural-humanitarian relations of Uzbekistan and countries of Southern-Eastern Asia

S. R. Tolibova PhD student,

Navoi State Pedagogical Institute,

Navoi, Uzbekistan

The Republic of Uzbekistan conducts an open, mutually beneficial and constructive foreign policy based on the national interests of the country. Current foreign policy of Uzbekistan is formed taking into account the dynamic changes in the world and the region as well as large-scale reforms within the country. Today, the Republic of Uzbekistan has established diplomatic relations with more than 130 countries around the world. There are 45 embassies of foreign countries, 8 honorary consuls, 19 missions of international organizations, 18 representations of international intergovernmental and governmental organizations of foreign states, 1 trade mission with diplomatic status are operating in Tashkent [1].

In the fifth principle of Development strategy for 2017–2021 by Sh. M. Mirziyoyev, The president of the Republic of Uzbekistan providing security and profits of our society, continuation of equitable international cooperation, interethnic harmony, and religious tolerance are emphasized especially, and stated as one of the most important issues [2]. The fifth priority for 2017–2021 concerned the security and foreign policy of Uzbekistan. In particular, implementing a balanced and constructive foreign policy, creating a security belt around Uzbekistan, achieving stability, and maintaining a friendly relation with its neighboring countries have been identified as the main particularities of this priority [3].

Uzbekistan will actively enhance cooperation with partner countries in Southeast Asia - Malaysia, Indonesia, Singapore, Vietnam and other countries. Relations of Uzbekistan with world countries in humanitarian spheres, especially, cooperation with Southern-Eastern countries of Asia, are bounded directly with providing urgent international stability and security.

External relations with ASEAN have begun in first periods of independence of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Uzbekistan’s Relationships with Malaysia (1992), Indonesia (1992), Singapore (1992), Vietnam (1992), Philippines (1992), Thailand (1991) and Laos (1992) are shown in the cultural-humanitarian sphere.

The cooperation has been seen in the field of fine arts. In 1992, 2 April artists’ 2nd international conference called “Beauty rescues the world and artists of 20 world countries participated [4]. Showing art works of Uzbek artists to Southern and Eastern Asian countries has turned to a tradition. 75 art works of Nicolai Shin, Uzbek artist, were exhibit in Seoul in 1997. He was awarded with “Golden Star” which was established by King Segjon in XV century. It was the best award among artist who came more than 25 world countries.

The cooperation in education is spreading and improving. In 1995 the declaration was signed to develop relations in all spheres by Uzbekistan and Indonesia [5]. Management Development Institute of Singapore is preparing Uzbek youth in our country. By the way our youth is studying in Malaysia. On September 29, 1999 the Department for Coordination of Foreign Economic Activity of the Ministers Office of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the Philippines signed the Agreement on Cultural and Educational Cooperation [6].

From the very first days of independence, the creation of conditions for active entry into the global tourism market in Uzbekistan has given a positive effect. Today, extensive work has been carried out to promote the development of tourism. In particular, Uzbekistan Airways national airline purchased Boeing-757, Boeing-767, and Aero Bus A-320. Nowadays, they serve in the direction over 40 cities in Europe, Asia, the Middle East, and the United States. Also, 11 airports in Uzbekistan have an international status. High-speed train, built by the Spanish company “Talgo”, increased the level of tourist services in the direction of Tashkent-Samarkand-Tashkent. “Tourism on the Silk Road” of The Tashkent International Tourism festival has been regularly held since 1995 on the initiative of the President of Uzbekistan. The event was assessed at the level of international events among international exhibitions and was recognized by the United Nations World Tourism Organization. During the years of Independence, the tourism potential of Uzbekistan has been highly appreciated by prominent international organizations, and the United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) in 2013 included Uzbekistan among the five fastest growing tourism sectors [7].

There are more than 7,000 rare historical monuments and magnificent architecture in Uzbekistan. At the same time, the many centuries of traditions of national culture, art and crafts attract tourists.

Cooperation with Uzbekistan and ASEAN countries is also in the field of tourism. Among these, Malaysia is distinguished by its proximity to our values and culture. In particular, according to some estimates, every year 3000 tourists from Malaysia visit our country. For Malaysian tourists, it is reported that the main purpose of visiting the tomb of Imam al-Bukhari. In 2014–2016, Uzbekistan Airways National Air Company, Uzbek tourism National Company, and the Association of Private Tourist Organizations of Uzbekistan held presentations of tourist potential of the country in Thailand, Singapore and Malaysia in the category “Road Show” [8]. It envisages increasing the number of tourists from this region of the East to facilitate touristic activities, as well as the use of tourist business opportunities in promoting the culture of our people, strengthening the national economy.

The cooperation in the humanitarian sphere is expanding. During the years of independence, this process has been evident in the activities of the National Red Crescent Society of Uzbekistan. The Red Crescent Society of Uzbekistan which is operating on the principles of humanism, impartiality, neutrality and solidarity is committed to the development of our society through a series of projects such as emergency preparedness, impartial donor ship, search, international humanitarian law, medical-social direction, and “Mehr-Shafqat” making a worthwhile contribution.

According to archive data, the Red Crescent Society of Uzbekistan has established a permanent humanitarian cooperation with the International Red Cross [9]. In 1991–1997, they provided 112 million US dollars as aid of kindness. $ 32 million of that amount belonged to the United States. Besides, the German Society of Friendship of Peoples helped $ 19 million in 1995, and the Japan helped $ 10 million for a variety of medicines and medical equipment have been rendered in a charitable way [10].

On May 29, 1998, a large number of emergency humanitarian aid from the ASEAN which was withdrawn to Uzbekistan Red Crescent were transferred to five disaster-affected regions: Tashkent, Nukus, Samarkand, Termez, Fergana and its districts [11]. On June 19, 1998, the Embassy of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam in Uzbekistan gifted 38,300 items which were worth $ 43,531 to the schoolchildren through the Red Crescent Society of Uzbekistan on September 2, the Independence Day of Vietnam and the Independence Day of Uzbekistan on 1 September [12]. In September 1999, Independence Day and the Independence Day of the Republic of Uzbekistan made a total of $ 43,531 and 12, 1500 items for schoolchildren [13].

On March 29, 2011, Operation Smile-Singapore, Singapore's international organization, jointly with the Tashkent Pediatric Medical Institute, conducted practical work on preventing and treating various diseases in the regions and the Aral Sea area, where patients were rendered kind assistance.    

Respecting the values of other nationalities living in Uzbekistan is one of the peculiarities of the national mentality of the Uzbek people. There are many embassies of ASEAN countries in Uzbekistan. Today, the promotion of Uzbekistan’s culture to the world by embassies of Uzbekistan in foreign countries and foreign embassies in Uzbekistan has become a tradition. Throughout its history, the Uzbek people have been working in tolerance, peace to other nations and religions. According to the Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan № 5046 dated May 19, 2017 “On Measures to Further Improving Relations of Interethnic Relations and Relations with Foreign Countries,” the establishment of the Committee on International Relations and Relations with Foreign Countries which was established in the Office of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan has high importance. There are 138 national cultural centers in the Committee. The Committee is contacting its partners in 18 countries around the world.

At the same time, cultural events have become a tradition in many countries around the world. For example, the “Days of Culture of Uzbekistan” were held in Malaysia on April 11–30 and at the Brunei Sultanate on September 12–13. Programs of group “Sato” and exhibitions of Uzbek fine art were organized. This event has been widely served to promote the culture, history and traditions of Uzbekistan to foreign public [14]. The clip of Fokus, kashtachilik (handmade craft) and Samarkand which were produced by the National Television and Radio Company of Uzbekistan transmitted the Malaysian Television through the Ministry of Foreign Affairs [15]. In the framework of the relationship between the Uzbek-Thai Friendship Society and the Uzbek State Institute of Arts and Culture, the exchange of students, the organization of theater plays and concerts have become a tradition.

On December 12, 1995 in Solo, Indonesia, the International Charitable Foundation “Ogahon” was awarded for the restoration and restoration of historical architectural monuments, and for its elegance in the designs and patterns at the competition of “Bukhara and people of Bukhara”[16].

The cultural events held with the embassies of the ASEAN countries on the territory of Uzbekistan are strengthen fatherly these ties. In particular, on August 22, 1995, a roundtable discussion was held on the occasion of the independence of the Vietnamese Socialist Republic (2 September 1945), led by VSR ambassador Nguen Van Lak. At the end of the roundtable a concert with students and teachers of the Tashkent University of Culture and Vietnamese graduate students Lang Suan Ho, Lang Lin Kong and Au Bao Chan was held [17].

On May 26, 2017, the Embassy of Indonesia in Indonesia, the Ministry of Education and Culture of Indonesia and the Academy of Arts of Uzbekistan held a seminar and master class on "History of Batik: History and Riches of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Indonesia". During the workshop, the fans liked the peculiarities of the style of the batic, the fact that the painting of the fabric with the use of liquid painting has been continuing, reflecting its delicacy and philosophical meanings. Every piece of artwork produced by Indonesian art designer Aditya Yusiya, who took part in that seminar, made a great impression on the audience.

It is important to mention that the necessary conditions for the restoration of the rich cultural heritage of Uzbekistan during independence years, the full development of the centuries-old culture of high spirituality, national identity and folk traditions, the creation of physically healthy, spiritually mature and comprehensively advanced societies are being created. It opens up opportunities for independent activity of the population of a highly developed culture of cooperation in the area and further strengthening of cooperation with foreign countries.

Bibliography

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